Preface |
i |
Answers to Reader's Queries (Read First!) |
vii |
Introduction |
1 |
1. How It Began on the Wrong
Foot---Perhaps Inescapably |
5 |
2. The Same Mistake Repeated in Cell Physiology |
8 |
3. How the Membrane Theory Began
|
10 |
4. Evidence for a Cell Membrane
Covering All Living Cells |
14 |
5. Evidence for the Cell Content as a
Dilute Solution |
26 |
6. Colloid, the Brain Child of a
Chemist |
29 |
7. Legacy of the Nearly-Forgotten
Pioneers |
35 |
8. Aftermath of the Rout |
40 |
8.1 The tiny
Hungarian enclave under E. Ernst |
40 |
8.2 The
Leningrad school led by Nasonov and Troshin |
41 |
9. Troshin's Sorption Theory for Solute
Distribution |
43 |
10. Ling's Fixed Charge Hypothesis
(LFCH) |
47 |
10.1 A theory
of selective accumulation of K+ over Na+ |
48 |
10.2
Experimental verifications of the LFCH. (and parts of AIH) |
52 |
11. The Polarized Multilayer Theory of
Cell Water |
74 |
11.1
Background |
74 |
11.2
Polarized Multilayer Theory of Cell Water and its world-wide
confirmation |
75 |
11.3
Theoretical and practical extensions of the PM theory (and
confirmations) |
81 |
12. The Membrane-Pump Theory and Grave
Contradictions |
109 |
13. The Physico-chemical Makeup of the
Cell Membrane |
115 |
13.1
Background |
115 |
13.2 Ionic
permeation |
119 |
13.3 Water
traffic into and out of living cells is bulk-phase limited |
123 |
13.4 Permeability
of living cells to water is orders of magnitudes faster than that of
the phospholipid bilayer |
126 |
13.5
Interfacial tension of living cell is too low to match that of a
phospholipid bilayer |
126 |
13.6
Ionophores strongly enhance K+ permeability through authentic
continuous phospholipid bilayer but no impact on the K+ permeability
of cell membrane of virtually all living cells |
129 |
13.7 Strongly
polarized-and-oriented water in lieu of phospholipid bilayer |
131 |
14. The Living State: Electronic
Mechanisms for its Maintenance and Control |
135 |
14.1 The
launching of the association-induction hypothesis |
136 |
(1) Prelude |
136 |
(2) The c-value and a quantitative theory for the control of
the rank order of ionic absorption |
140 |
(3) The c-value analogue and its control of protein folding vs.
water polarization |
143 |
14.2 What
distinguishes life from death at the cell and below-cell level? The
new concept of the living state |
148 |
(1)
The living state |
148 |
(2)
The elementary living machine |
152 |
(3)
What distinguishes the dead state from the active living state |
154 |
(4)
What does food provide: energy or negative entropy? |
155 |
14.3
Electronic mechanisms of remote, one-on-many control |
156 |
(1)
Electronic induction in proteins |
158 |
(2)
Cooperative interaction as the basis for abrupt and coherent
transitions |
164 |
(3)
The classification of drugs and other cardinal adsorbents: EWC, EDC,
EIC. |
167 |
(4)
ATP, the Queen of cardinal adsorbents, as an EWC |
168 |
(5)
What do drugs and other cardinal adsorbents do? |
170 |
(6)
How cardinal adsorbents produce across-the-board uniform change of
distant sites |
171 |
(7)
Multiple control of single enzyme sites and gangs of pharmacological
effector sites |
175 |
15. Physiological Activities:
Electronic Mechanisms and Their Control by ATP, Drugs, Hormones and
Other Cardinal Adsorbents |
179 |
15.1
Selective solute distribution in living cells: cooperativity and
control |
180 |
15.2 The
control of ion permeability |
194 |
15.3
Salt-induced swelling of normal and injured cells |
200 |
(1) Cell swelling in isotonic KCl |
200 |
(2) Injury-induced cell swelling in
isotonic NaCl |
201 |
15.4 True
active transport across bifacial epithelial cell layers and other
bifacial systems |
203 |
(1) Active Na+ transport across frog
skin |
205 |
(2) Active Rb+ transport into Nitella
cell sap |
207 |
15.5 The
resting potential |
|
(1) Historic background |
209 |
(2) The
close-contact-surface-adsorption (CSA) theory of cellular electric
potentials |
216 |
15.6 The
action potential |
225 |
(1) Hodgkin-Huxley theory of action
potential |
225 |
(1.1)
No standing Na+ potential |
225 |
(1.2)
Na channel not specific to Na+ |
225 |
(2) The close-contact surface
adsorption (CSA) theory of action potential |
226 |
(2.1)
The identification of the anionic groups mediating ionic permeation
and generating the resting potential as beta- and gamma-carboxyl
groups carried on cell surface proteins |
229 |
(2.2)
The selective preference for ions of the cell surface beta- and
gamma-carboxyl groups is mutable, rather than fixed as in the ionic
theory |
229 |
(2.3)
The anionic groups mediating the entry of Na+ into squid axons
during an action potential are the same beta- and gamma-carboxyl
groups but with a much higher c-value |
230 |
(2.4)
Swelling of nerve fibers accompanying an action potential |
230 |
(2.5)
The propagated c-value increase at the surface beta- and
gamma-carboxyl groups goes pari passu with the depolarization
of cell surface water molecules |
231 |
16.
Summary Plus |
. |
16.1 Early history |
233 |
16.2 The membrane (pump) theory |
233 |
16.3 Early protoplasm-oriented cell
physiologists and their contributions |
236 |
16.4. Ling's fixed charge hypothesis
(LFCH) |
237 |
16.5 The polarized multilayer (PM)
theory of cell water |
239 |
16.6 The association-induction
hypothesis proper |
242 |
(1)
The resting living state |
242 |
(2)
Global coherence and internal connectedness in protoplasm |
248 |
(3)
Interpretation of the four classic physiological manifestations |
250 |
(4)
Physiological activities as reversible cooperative transitions
mediated by inductive effects |
254 |
(5)
The death state |
267 |
16.7 A sketch of the history of
Mankind's search for understanding of life |
270 |
17.
Epilogue |
272 |
Appendix 1 |
282 |
Super-Glossary |
288 |
List of Abbreviations |
330 |
List of Figures, Tables and Equations
|
333 |
References |
334 |
Author Index |
351 |
Subject Index |
356 |
Acknowledgments |
366 |
About the Author |
371 |
Разделы книги
"Life at the Cell and Below-Cell Level.
The Hidden History of a Fundamental Revolution in Biology":
Contents (PDF
218 Kb)
Preface (PDF 155 Kb)
Answers to Reader's Queries (Read First!) (PDF
120 Kb)
Introduction
1.
How It Began on the Wrong Foot---Perhaps
Inescapably
2.
The Same Mistake Repeated in Cell Physiology
3.
How the Membrane Theory Began
4.
Evidence for a Cell Membrane Covering All Living
Cells
5.
Evidence for the Cell Content as a Dilute
Solution
6.
Colloid, the Brain Child of a
Chemist
7.
Legacy of the Nearly Forgotten Pioneers
8.
Aftermath of the Rout
9.
Troshin's Sorption Theory for Solute
Distribution
10.
Ling's Fixed Charge Hypothesis (LFCH)
11.
The Polarized Multilayer Theory of Cell Water
12.
The Membrane-Pump Theory and Grave
Contradictions
13.
The Physico-chemical Makeup of the Cell
Membrane
14.
The Living State: Electronic Mechanisms for its
Maintenance and Control
15.
Physiological Activities: Electronic Mechanisms
and Their Control by ATP, Drugs, Hormones and Other Cardinal
Adsorbents
16.
Summary Plus
17. Epilogue
A Super-Glossary
List of Abbreviations
List of Figures, Tables and Equations
References (PDF
193 Kb)
Subject Index
About the Author
|
|